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Death penalty
Pilát, Matěj ; Císařová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Novotný, Oto (referee)
Capital Punishment Abstract This paper is aimed at the capital punishment and its usage in modern society. The basic question examined is, whether death penalty can ever be justified as a tool to fight the most heinous crimes. In order to determine the answer this question, I am examining the capital punishment from the point of view of possible functions it can have and weighting it against inherent risks and harms created by it. The first chapter of this thesis is based on description. Firstly it shows the history of using the capital punishment in the area of Czech Republic; secondly I describe the usage around the world - mainly in USA, China and Middle East. Lastly I analyze international law concerned with capital punishment - namely International Covenant on Civil and Political rights and European Charter of Human rights, optional protocols to them and of course court decisions regarding these treaties. The second chapter is aimed at evaluating the possible benefits that using of capital punishment can have - especially when compared to life imprisonment. It is divided according to these functions, which are deterrence of potential criminals, protection of the society from sentenced criminals and the retribution for the crimes committed. In the end I find no clear benefit that executing of felons...
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Death penalty
Pilát, Matěj ; Císařová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Novotný, Oto (referee)
Capital Punishment Abstract This paper is aimed at the capital punishment and its usage in modern society. The basic question examined is, whether death penalty can ever be justified as a tool to fight the most heinous crimes. In order to determine the answer this question, I am examining the capital punishment from the point of view of possible functions it can have and weighting it against inherent risks and harms created by it. The first chapter of this thesis is based on description. Firstly it shows the history of using the capital punishment in the area of Czech Republic; secondly I describe the usage around the world - mainly in USA, China and Middle East. Lastly I analyze international law concerned with capital punishment - namely International Covenant on Civil and Political rights and European Charter of Human rights, optional protocols to them and of course court decisions regarding these treaties. The second chapter is aimed at evaluating the possible benefits that using of capital punishment can have - especially when compared to life imprisonment. It is divided according to these functions, which are deterrence of potential criminals, protection of the society from sentenced criminals and the retribution for the crimes committed. In the end I find no clear benefit that executing of felons...
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Justification in Ancient Egypt Religion
Scholzová, Alena ; Janák, Jiří (advisor) ; Vymětalová Hrabáková, Eva (referee)
This thesis focuses on the motive of justification in the ancient Egyptian religion. It explores its meaning and history of occurrence. It does so in the context of death, afterlife and Judgment of the Dead. The aim was to provide an overview of the development of justified title achievement, especially in the Pyramid Texts, Coffin Texts and Book of the Dead. The conclusion is that the motive of justification in ancient Egyptian religion evolved along with the concept of Judgment of the Dead with whom he was associated.
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Critical analysis of the Czech translations of Lewis': The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe
Bryndová, Barbora ; Ženíšek, Jakub (advisor) ; Matuchová, Klára (referee)
This MA thesis is concerned with the comparison of two Czech translations of C. S. Lewis' novel The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe. The thesis is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. The first part concentrates on the description of the author's and translators' life as well as the background of creating the novel and its translations. One part deals with the film adaptations of the book. Then there are described individual techniques and methods of translation and its analysis. The second part analyses the book in general. Names used in the book, titles of chapters, selected passages and special idioms are analyzed in detail. It deals with different approaches of each translator and examines the usage of words, sentence structures and their text style. The thesis tries to compare and analyze all three texts in order to come up with the sufficient justification or disprove of all used items. Key words Novel, translation, translator, author, analysis, comparison, usage of words, sentence structures, text style, methods of translation, justification, disprove.
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Is the concept of human rights fictitious? Jürgen Habermas' postmetaphysical conception of human rights.
Lysoňková, Michala ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Barša, Pavel (referee)
Human rights are the pervasive practical and political concept, discussed in various branches: political and legal philosophy, political science or jurisprudence. In the diploma thesis, this concept is discussed in the framework of political philosophy. An author's basic question: Is the concept of human rights plausible (rationally valid) in the postmetaphysical situation as well, and if so, which rights are possible to specify as "human"? This question is asked in view of contemporary (content, spatial and symbolical) expansion of human rights and solved in light of Jürgen Habermas' conception of human rights. Habermas' conception of human rights represents probably the most significant rational attempt to reformulate this concept in the postmetaphysical situation. His foundation is apparently free from the burden of all anthropological presuppositions, connected with a pristine articulation of the rights of man. As we know, these presuppositions also resound in the legal concept of human dignity. After the problem definition, a historical excursus on the field of rational natural law and basic characterization of the postmetaphysical situation, an analysis and evaluation of presuppositions intrinsic to Habermas' "linguistificated" conception of human rights follow - i.e. universal pragmatics,...
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